Human Gene ENO1 (ENST00000234590.10) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens enolase 1 (ENO1), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001428) RefSeq Summary (NM_001428): This gene encodes alpha-enolase, one of three enolase isoenzymes found in mammals. Each isoenzyme is a homodimer composed of 2 alpha, 2 gamma, or 2 beta subunits, and functions as a glycolytic enzyme. Alpha-enolase in addition, functions as a structural lens protein (tau-crystallin) in the monomeric form. Alternative splicing of this gene results in a shorter isoform that has been shown to bind to the c-myc promoter and function as a tumor suppressor. Several pseudogenes have been identified, including one on the long arm of chromosome 1. Alpha-enolase has also been identified as an autoantigen in Hashimoto encephalopathy. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000234590.10 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000074800.16 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr1:8,861,000-8,878,686 Size: 17,687 Total Exon Count: 12 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg38 chr1:8,861,360-8,874,908 Size: 13,549 Coding Exon Count: 11
ID:ENOA_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Alpha-enolase; EC=4.2.1.11; AltName: Full=2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; AltName: Full=C-myc promoter-binding protein; AltName: Full=Enolase 1; AltName: Full=MBP-1; AltName: Full=MPB-1; AltName: Full=Non-neural enolase; Short=NNE; AltName: Full=Phosphopyruvate hydratase; AltName: Full=Plasminogen-binding protein; FUNCTION: Multifunctional enzyme that, as well as its role in glycolysis, plays a part in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production. FUNCTION: MBP1 binds to the myc promoter and acts as a transcriptional repressor. May be a tumor suppressor. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H(2)O. COFACTOR: Magnesium. Required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer. BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: pH dependence: Enolase activity is lost above pH 9.0. Immunoglobulin production stimulating activity is retained at pH 13.0; PATHWAY: Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D- glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 4/5. SUBUNIT: Mammalian enolase is composed of 3 isozyme subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which can form homodimers or heterodimers which are cell-type and development-specific. ENO1 interacts with PLG in the neuronal plasma membrane and promotes its activation. The C-terminal lysine is required for this binding (By similarity). INTERACTION: P22303:ACHE; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-353877, EBI-1637793; Q8WZ42:TTN; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-353877, EBI-681210; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, M line. Note=Can translocate to the plasma membrane in either the homodimeric (alpha/alpha) or heterodimeric (alpha/gamma) form. ENO1 is localized to the M line. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform MBP-1: Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells. INDUCTION: Induced in diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) after treatment with the natural biological agent, Bryo1. Up-regulated in response to enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection (at protein level). PTM: ISGylated. MISCELLANEOUS: Used as a diagnostic marker for many tumors and, in the heterodimeric form, alpha/gamma, as a marker for hypoxic brain injury after cardiac arrest. Also marker for endometriosis. Antibodies against alpha-enolase are present in sera from patients with cancer-associated retinopathy syndrome (CAR), a progressive blinding disease which occurs in the presence of systemic tumor growth, primarily small-cell carcinoma of the lung and other malignancies. Is identified as an autoantigen in Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE) a rare autoimmune disease associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). HT is a disorder in which destructive processes overcome the potential capacity of thyroid replacement leading to hypothyroidism. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the enolase family. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAA35698.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=Several; Sequence=AAA35698.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Sequencing errors; WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/eno1/";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P06733
Front
Top
Side
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.
Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
BioCyc Knowledge Library PWY66-399 - gluconeogenesis PWY66-400 - glycolysis PWY66-407 - superpathway of conversion of glucose to acetyl CoA and entry into the TCA cycle
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P06733 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
