Human Gene DRD4 (ENST00000176183.6) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_000797) RefSeq Summary (NM_000797): This gene encodes the D4 subtype of the dopamine receptor. The D4 subtype is a G-protein coupled receptor which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. It is a target for drugs which treat schizophrenia and Parkinson disease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with various behavioral phenotypes, including autonomic nervous system dysfunction, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and the personality trait of novelty seeking. This gene contains a polymorphic number (2-10 copies) of tandem 48 nt repeats; the sequence shown contains four repeats. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000176183.6 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000069696.7 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr11:637,269-640,706 Size: 3,438 Total Exon Count: 4 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr11:637,305-640,603 Size: 3,299 Coding Exon Count: 4
ID:DRD4_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=D(4) dopamine receptor; AltName: Full=D(2C) dopamine receptor; AltName: Full=Dopamine D4 receptor; FUNCTION: Dopamine receptor responsible for neuronal signaling in the mesolimbic system of the brain, an area of the brain that regulates emotion and complex behavior. Its activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. SUBUNIT: Forms homo- and heterooligomers with DRD2. D4.7 allele exhibits higher affinity for homodimers compared to DRD2 heterodimers, while alleles D42. and 4.4 have similar affinities for both. The interaction with DRD2 may modulate agonist-induced downstream signaling. Interacts with CLIC6 (By similarity) and GPRASP1. May interact with ADORA2A. Interacts with KLHL12. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. PTM: Polyubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL12) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex: polyubiquitination does not lead to degradation of DRD4 protein. POLYMORPHISM: The number of repeats of 16 amino acids in the third cytoplasmic loop is highly polymorphic and varies among different alleles. Alleles corresponding in size to a 2 (D4.2), 3 (D4.3), 4 (D4.4), 5 (D4.5), 6 (D4.6), 7 (D4.7) and 9 (D4.9) repeats have been described. The sequence shown is that of allele D4.7. The polymorphic repeat sequence has little influence on DRD4-binding profiles and might not be essential for G protein interaction. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAL58637.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P21917
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.