Human Gene SPG21 (ENST00000204566.7) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens SPG21 abhydrolase domain containing, maspardin (SPG21), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_016630) RefSeq Summary (NM_016630): The protein encoded by this gene binds to the hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids of CD4 which are involved in repression of T cell activation. The interaction with CD4 is mediated by the noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain of this protein. It is thus proposed that this gene product modulates the stimulatory activity of CD4. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 21 (SPG21), also known as mast syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2014]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000204566.7 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000090487.11 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr15:64,963,022-64,989,914 Size: 26,893 Total Exon Count: 9 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg38 chr15:64,963,620-64,983,569 Size: 19,950 Coding Exon Count: 8
ID:SPG21_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Maspardin; AltName: Full=Acid cluster protein 33; AltName: Full=Spastic paraplegia 21 autosomal recessive Mast syndrome protein; AltName: Full=Spastic paraplegia 21 protein; FUNCTION: May play a role as a negative regulatory factor in CD4- dependent T-cell activation. SUBUNIT: Interacts with CD4. Interacts with ALDH16A1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Partially localized in the cytosol but also accumulated on an intracellular vesicular compartment. Colocalizes with CD4 on endosomal/trans-Golgi network. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in all tissues tested, including heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Expressed in J.CaM1.6, HuT 78 and HeLa cell lines (at protein level). DISEASE: Defects in SPG21 are the cause of spastic paraplegia autosomal recessive type 21 (SPG21) [MIM:248900]; also known as Mast syndrome. Spastic paraplegia is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a slow, gradual, progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs. Rate of progression and the severity of symptoms are quite variable. Initial symptoms may include difficulty with balance, weakness and stiffness in the legs, muscle spasms, and dragging the toes when walking. In some forms of the disorder, bladder symptoms (such as incontinence) may appear, or the weakness and stiffness may spread to other parts of the body. SPG21 is associated with dementia and other central nervous system abnormalities. Subtle childhood abnormalities may be present, but the main features develop in early adulthood. The disease is slowly progressive, and cerebellar and extrapyramidal signs are also found in patients with advanced disease. Patients have a thin corpus callosum and white-matter abnormalities. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9NZD8
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.