Human Gene PTPRH (ENST00000376350.8) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type H (PTPRH), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_002842) RefSeq Summary (NM_002842): The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular region, a single transmembrane region, and a single intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region contains eight fibronectin type III-like repeats and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The gene was shown to be expressed primarily in brain and liver, and at a lower level in heart and stomach. It was also found to be expressed in several cancer cell lines, but not in the corresponding normal tissues. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2009]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000376350.8 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000080031.10 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr19:55,181,247-55,209,501 Size: 28,255 Total Exon Count: 20 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg38 chr19:55,181,754-55,209,433 Size: 27,680 Coding Exon Count: 20
ID:PTPRH_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase H; Short=R-PTP-H; EC=3.1.3.48; AltName: Full=Stomach cancer-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase 1; Short=SAP-1; AltName: Full=Transmembrane-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase type H; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: May contribute to contact inhibition of cell growth and motility by mediating the dephosphorylation of focal adhesion- associated substrates and thus negatively regulating integrin- promoted signaling processes. Induces apoptotic cell death by at least two distinct mechanisms: inhibition of cell survival signaling mediated by PI 3-kinase, Akt, and ILK and activation of a caspase-dependent proapoptotic pathway. Inhibits the basal activity of LCK and its activation in response to TCR stimulation and TCR-induced activation of MAP kinase and surface expression of CD69. Inhibits TCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of LAT and ZAP70. Inhibits both basal activity of DOK1 and its CD2-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Induces dephosphorylation of p130cas, focal adhesion kinase and c-Src. Reduces migratory activity of Jurkat cells. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Protein tyrosine phosphate + H(2)O = protein tyrosine + phosphate. ENZYME REGULATION: Regulated by reversible dimerization. Dimerization reduces its catalytic activity. SUBUNIT: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (Probable). Interacts with LCK. INTERACTION: P10912:GHR; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-1267176, EBI-286316; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein (Potential). Cytoplasm. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed at high levels in the brain, spleen and liver and at lower levels in the heart and stomach. Expressed in pancreatic and colorectal cancer cells, but not in normal pancreas or colon. Expression in hepatocellular carcinoma is related to the differentiation status of the tumor and expression is inversely related to tumor aggressiveness. INDUCTION: Induced at the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma and is suppressed at later stages. DOMAIN: The extracellular domain mediates homodimerization. One or more cysteines in the extracellular domain is essential for the formation of dimers probably by forming a disulfide bond. DOMAIN: The cytoplasmic domain mediates the interaction with LCK. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 3 subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 8 fibronectin type-III domains. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=BAA03645.2; Type=Frameshift; Positions=213, 244, 264, 287, 291;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF00041 - Fibronectin type III domain PF00102 - Protein-tyrosine phosphatase
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9HD43
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.