Human Gene TGM2 (ENST00000361475.7) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), transcript variant 2, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_198951)
RefSeq Summary (NM_004613): Transglutaminases are enzymes that catalyze the crosslinking of proteins by epsilon-gamma glutamyl lysine isopeptide bonds. While the primary structure of transglutaminases is not conserved, they all have the same amino acid sequence at their active sites and their activity is calcium-dependent. The protein encoded by this gene acts as a monomer, is induced by retinoic acid, and appears to be involved in apoptosis. Finally, the encoded protein is the autoantigen implicated in celiac disease. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000361475.7
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000198959.12
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr20:38,127,385-38,165,270 Size: 37,886 Total Exon Count: 13 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr20:38,130,219-38,165,198 Size: 34,980 Coding Exon Count: 13 

Page IndexSequence and LinksPrimersMalaCardsCTDRNA-Seq Expression
Microarray ExpressionRNA StructureOther SpeciesmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther Names
Methods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr20:38,127,385-38,165,270)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (687 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAGene interactionsTable SchemaAlphaFold
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HGNCLynxMalacardsMGIOMIMPubMed
UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: TGM2
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: balanitis xerotica obliterans (23), celiac disease (22), balanitis (21), autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract (20), dermatitis herpetiformis (20), gluten allergy (15), nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (13), huntington disease (12), spinocerebellar ataxia 35 (11), focal myositis (9), wheat allergy (9), pancreatic ductal carcinoma (8), hypersensitivity reaction disease (8), gastroduodenal crohn's disease (7), immunoglobulin alpha deficiency (7), oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (6), autoimmune disease of skin and connective tissue (6), irritable bowel syndrome (6), lymphocytic colitis (5), extratemporal epilepsy (4), b cell deficiency (4), conjunctival degeneration (4), geographic tongue (4), pinguecula (4), hypersensitivity reaction type ii disease (3), immune system disease (2), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (0)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 745.52 RPKM in Cervix - Endocervix
Total median expression: 5878.73 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -21.5072-0.299 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -926.402834-0.327 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
Genome BrowserGenome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
MGIRGDEnsembl   
Protein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein Sequence   
AlignmentAlignmentAlignment   

-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  EU794665 - Homo sapiens epididymis secretory protein Li 45 (HEL-S-45) mRNA, complete cds.
JA482045 - Sequence 28 from Patent WO2011072091.
JE980337 - Sequence 28 from Patent EP2862929.
AK058031 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ25302 fis, clone STM07845, highly similar to PROTEIN-GLUTAMINE GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE (EC 2.3.2.13).
M55153 - Human transglutaminase (TGase) mRNA, complete cds.
AK291714 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ78717 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens transglutaminase 2 (C polypeptide, protein-glutamine-gamma-glutamyltransferase) (TGM2), transcript variant 1, mRNA.
AK295775 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ58187 complete cds, highly similar to Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2(EC 2.3.2.13).
AK300292 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ57198 complete cds, highly similar to Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 (EC 2.3.2.13).
AY675221 - Homo sapiens transglutaminase 2 mRNA, complete cds.
AK314618 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ95459, highly similar to Homo sapiens transglutaminase 2 (C polypeptide,protein-glutamine-gamma-glutamyltransferase) (TGM2), mRNA.
AB527414 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB4057, Homo sapiens TGM2 gene for transglutaminase 2, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
JA482046 - Sequence 29 from Patent WO2011072091.
JE980338 - Sequence 29 from Patent EP2862929.
M98478 - Human transglutaminase mRNA, complete cds.
BC003551 - Homo sapiens transglutaminase 2 (C polypeptide, protein-glutamine-gamma-glutamyltransferase), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:1193 IMAGE:3544757), complete cds.
JF432824 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100074142 transglutaminase 2 (C polypeptide, protein-glutamine-gamma-glutamyltransferase) (TGM2) gene, encodes complete protein.
KJ897667 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_07061 TGM2 gene, encodes complete protein.
KR709868 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00007047 TGM2 (TGM2) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
KR709869 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00007048 TGM2 (TGM2) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
BC073946 - Homo sapiens transglutaminase 2 (C polypeptide, protein-glutamine-gamma-glutamyltransferase), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5405599), partial cds.
M98479 - Human transglutaminase mRNA, 3' untranslated region.
AK126508 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ44544 fis, clone UTERU3005907.
JD044575 - Sequence 25599 from Patent EP1572962.
JD091700 - Sequence 72724 from Patent EP1572962.
JD537608 - Sequence 518632 from Patent EP1572962.
JD422987 - Sequence 404011 from Patent EP1572962.
JD060109 - Sequence 41133 from Patent EP1572962.
JD481941 - Sequence 462965 from Patent EP1572962.
JD037974 - Sequence 18998 from Patent EP1572962.
JD563696 - Sequence 544720 from Patent EP1572962.
JD419179 - Sequence 400203 from Patent EP1572962.
JD278176 - Sequence 259200 from Patent EP1572962.
JD209791 - Sequence 190815 from Patent EP1572962.
JD209790 - Sequence 190814 from Patent EP1572962.
JD126893 - Sequence 107917 from Patent EP1572962.
JD163386 - Sequence 144410 from Patent EP1572962.
JD206544 - Sequence 187568 from Patent EP1572962.
JD498528 - Sequence 479552 from Patent EP1572962.
JD365116 - Sequence 346140 from Patent EP1572962.
JD284961 - Sequence 265985 from Patent EP1572962.
JD078648 - Sequence 59672 from Patent EP1572962.
JD554674 - Sequence 535698 from Patent EP1572962.
JD371513 - Sequence 352537 from Patent EP1572962.
JD038482 - Sequence 19506 from Patent EP1572962.
JD038481 - Sequence 19505 from Patent EP1572962.
JD026039 - Sequence 7063 from Patent EP1572962.
JD053164 - Sequence 34188 from Patent EP1572962.
JD485187 - Sequence 466211 from Patent EP1572962.
JD030929 - Sequence 11953 from Patent EP1572962.
JD189939 - Sequence 170963 from Patent EP1572962.
JD195121 - Sequence 176145 from Patent EP1572962.
JD070395 - Sequence 51419 from Patent EP1572962.
JD172087 - Sequence 153111 from Patent EP1572962.
JD384155 - Sequence 365179 from Patent EP1572962.
JD123393 - Sequence 104417 from Patent EP1572962.
JD215117 - Sequence 196141 from Patent EP1572962.
JD242061 - Sequence 223085 from Patent EP1572962.
JD459593 - Sequence 440617 from Patent EP1572962.
JD406246 - Sequence 387270 from Patent EP1572962.
AL512703 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp667H046 (from clone DKFZp667H046).
AF311286 - Homo sapiens tissue transglutaminase (TGM2) mRNA, partial cds.
DJ417866 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530982 - JP 2011172579-A/357: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444405 - Sequence 358 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417888 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV531004 - JP 2011172579-A/379: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444427 - Sequence 380 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417869 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530985 - JP 2011172579-A/360: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444408 - Sequence 361 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417870 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530986 - JP 2011172579-A/361: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444409 - Sequence 362 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417857 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530973 - JP 2011172579-A/348: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444396 - Sequence 349 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417864 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530980 - JP 2011172579-A/355: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444403 - Sequence 356 from Patent EP2330111.
S81734 - tissue transglutaminase homologue {alternatively spliced} [human, erythroleukemia cell line HEL GM06141A, mRNA, 2362 nt].
DJ417867 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530983 - JP 2011172579-A/358: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444406 - Sequence 359 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417856 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530972 - JP 2011172579-A/347: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444395 - Sequence 348 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417853 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530969 - JP 2011172579-A/344: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444392 - Sequence 345 from Patent EP2330111.
CU678490 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100020336 5' read TGM2 mRNA.
DJ417858 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530974 - JP 2011172579-A/349: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444397 - Sequence 350 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417855 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530971 - JP 2011172579-A/346: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444394 - Sequence 347 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417859 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530975 - JP 2011172579-A/350: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444398 - Sequence 351 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417880 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530996 - JP 2011172579-A/371: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444419 - Sequence 372 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417878 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530994 - JP 2011172579-A/369: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444417 - Sequence 370 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417886 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV531002 - JP 2011172579-A/377: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444425 - Sequence 378 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417877 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530993 - JP 2011172579-A/368: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444416 - Sequence 369 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417863 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530979 - JP 2011172579-A/354: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444402 - Sequence 355 from Patent EP2330111.
DJ417862 - OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
HV530978 - JP 2011172579-A/353: OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND OTHER DISEASES.
JC444401 - Sequence 354 from Patent EP2330111.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa05016 - Huntington's disease

BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_plcdPathway - Phospholipase C d1 in phospholipid associated cell signaling

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ENST00000361475.1, ENST00000361475.2, ENST00000361475.3, ENST00000361475.4, ENST00000361475.5, ENST00000361475.6, NM_198951, uc002xhr.1, uc002xhr.2, uc002xhr.3, uc002xhr.4, uc002xhr.5, uc002xhr.6, V9HWG3
UCSC ID: ENST00000361475.7
RefSeq Accession: NM_004613
CCDS: CCDS13302.1

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.