Human Gene AFP (ENST00000395792.7) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens alpha fetoprotein (AFP), transcript variant 2, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001354717) RefSeq Summary (NM_001134): This gene encodes alpha-fetoprotein, a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the liver during fetal life. Alpha-fetoprotein expression in adults is often associated with hepatocarcinoma and with teratoma, and has prognostic value for managing advanced gastric cancer. However, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein may also be found in individuals with no obvious pathology. The protein is thought to be the fetal counterpart of serum albumin, and the alpha-fetoprotein and albumin genes are present in tandem in the same transcriptional orientation on chromosome 4. Alpha-fetoprotein is found in monomeric as well as dimeric and trimeric forms, and binds copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin. The level of alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid is used to measure renal loss of protein to screen for spina bifida and anencephaly. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2019]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000395792.7 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000081051.8 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr4:73,436,221-73,456,174 Size: 19,954 Total Exon Count: 15 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr4:73,436,263-73,455,280 Size: 19,018 Coding Exon Count: 14
ID:FETA_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Alpha-fetoprotein; AltName: Full=Alpha-1-fetoprotein; AltName: Full=Alpha-fetoglobulin; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Binds copper, nickel, and fatty acids as well as, and bilirubin less well than, serum albumin. Only a small percentage (less than 2%) of the human AFP shows estrogen-binding properties. SUBUNIT: Dimeric and trimeric forms have been found in addition to the monomeric form. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Plasma. Synthesized by the fetal liver and yolk sac. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Occurs in the plasma of fetuses more than 4 weeks old, reaches the highest levels during the 12th-16th week of gestation, and drops to trace amounts after birth. The serum level in adults is usually less than 40 ng/ml. AFP occurs also at high levels in the plasma and ascitic fluid of adults with hepatoma. PTM: Independent studies suggest heterogeneity of the N-terminal sequence of the mature protein and of the cleavage site of the signal sequence. PTM: Sulfated. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family. SIMILARITY: Contains 3 albumin domains. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Alpha-fetoprotein entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-fetoprotein";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P02771
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0001542 ovulation from ovarian follicle GO:0019953 sexual reproduction GO:0042448 progesterone metabolic process GO:0043687 post-translational protein modification GO:0044267 cellular protein metabolic process GO:0060395 SMAD protein signal transduction
AF484526 - Homo sapiens alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA, variant transcript A 5'UTR, alternatively spliced. AF484525 - Homo sapiens alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA, variant transcript AB 5'UTR, alternatively spliced. V01514 - Human mRNA encoding alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). AFP is a major serum protein (MG: 70000) synthesized during fetal life. AK297669 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ51509 complete cds, highly similar to Alpha-fetoprotein precursor. AK314817 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ95694, highly similar to Homo sapiens alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), mRNA. AK297674 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ57154 complete cds, highly similar to Alpha-fetoprotein precursor. BC027881 - Homo sapiens alpha-fetoprotein, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:34639 IMAGE:5208299), complete cds. JD315995 - Sequence 297019 from Patent EP1572962. DQ894103 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100008563; FLH167749.01L; RZPDo839E1189D alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ890942 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100003572; FLH167753.01X; RZPDo839E1190D alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, encodes complete protein. CU693306 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100017429 5' read AFP mRNA. KJ890642 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00036 AFP gene, encodes complete protein.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P02771 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-8952289 FAM20C phosphorylates FAM20C substrates R-HSA-381426 Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) R-HSA-8957275 Post-translational protein phosphorylation R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins R-HSA-597592 Post-translational protein modification
US Server
