Human Gene ARX (ENST00000379044.5) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens aristaless related homeobox (ARX), mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_139058) RefSeq Summary (NM_139058): This gene is a homeobox-containing gene expressed during development. The expressed protein contains two conserved domains, a C-peptide (or aristaless domain) and the prd-like class homeobox domain. It is a member of the group-II aristaless-related protein family whose members are expressed primarily in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. This gene is thought to be involved in CNS development. Expansion of a polyalanine tract and other mutations in this gene cause X-linked cognitive disability and epilepsy. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000379044.5 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000004848.8 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chrX:25,003,694-25,015,965 Size: 12,272 Total Exon Count: 5 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg38 chrX:25,004,670-25,015,737 Size: 11,068 Coding Exon Count: 5
ID:ARX_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Homeobox protein ARX; AltName: Full=Aristaless-related homeobox; FUNCTION: Transcription factor required for normal brain development. May be important for maintenance of specific neuronal subtypes in the cerebral cortex and axonal guidance in the floor plate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus (By similarity). TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed predominantly in fetal and adult brain and skeletal muscle. Expression is specific to the telencephalon and ventral thalamus. There is an absence of expression in the cerebellum throughout development and also in adult. DISEASE: Defects in ARX are the cause of lissencephaly X-linked type 2 (LISX2) [MIM:300215]; also known as lissencephaly X-linked with ambiguous genitalia (XLAG). LISX2 is a classic type lissencephaly associated with abnormal genitalia. LISX2 patients have severe congenital or postnatal microcephaly, lissencephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum, neonatal-onset intractable epilepsy, poor temperature regulation, chronic diarrhea, and ambiguous or underdeveloped genitalia. DISEASE: Defects in ARX are the cause of epileptic encephalopathy early infantile type 1 (EIEE1) [MIM:308350]; also known as myoclonic epilepsy X-linked with intellectual disability and spasticity, X-linked West syndrome or X-linked infantile spasm syndrome (ISSX). EIEE1 is a severe form of epilepsy characterized by frequent tonic seizures or spasms beginning in infancy with a specific EEG finding of suppression-burst patterns, characterized by high-voltage bursts alternating with almost flat suppression phases. Patients may progress to West syndrome, which is characterized by tonic spasms with clustering, arrest of psychomotor development, and hypsarrhythmia on EEG. DISEASE: Defects in ARX are a cause of Partington syndrome (PRTS) [MIM:309510]; also known as X-linked syndromic mental retardation 1 (MRXS1). PRTS is characterized by mental retardation, episodic dystonic hand movements, and dysarthria. DISEASE: Defects in ARX are the cause of mental retardation X- linked ARX-related (MRXARX) [MIM:300419]. Mental retardation is a mental disorder characterized by significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period. DISEASE: Defects in ARX are the cause of agenesis of the corpus callosum with abnormal genitalia (ACCAG) [MIM:300004]. A X-linked syndrome with variable expression in females. It is characterized by agenesis of corpus callosum, mental retardation and seizures. Manifestations in surviving males include severe acquired micrencephaly, mental retardation, limb contractures, scoliosis, tapered fingers with hyperconvex nails, a characteristic face with large eyes, prominent supraorbital ridges, synophrys, optic atrophy, broad alveolar ridges, and seizures. Urologic anomalies include renal dysplasia, cryptorchidism, and hypospadias. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the paired homeobox family. Bicoid subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain. WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/ARX";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q96QS3
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
