Description: Homo sapiens protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 2 non-catalytic subunit (PRKAB2), mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_005399): The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit may be a positive regulator of AMPK activity. It is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and thus may have tissue-specific roles. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr1:146,626,685-146,644,129 Size: 17,445 Total Exon Count: 8 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr1:146,631,144-146,643,723 Size: 12,580 Coding Exon Count: 7
ID:AAKB2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2; Short=AMPK subunit beta-2; FUNCTION: Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Beta non-catalytic subunit acts as a scaffold on which the AMPK complex assembles, via its C-terminus that bridges alpha (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) and gamma subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3). SUBUNIT: AMPK is a heterotrimer of an alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2), a beta (PRKAB1 or PRKAB2) and a gamma non- catalytic subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3). INTERACTION: Self; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-1053424, EBI-1053424; Q13131:PRKAA1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-1053424, EBI-1181405; P54619:PRKAG1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-1053424, EBI-1181439; PTM: Phosphorylated when associated with the catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2). Phosphorylated by ULK1 and ULK2; leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity and suggesting the existence of a regulatory feedback loop between ULK1, ULK2 and AMPK. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit family.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF04739 - 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit, interaction domain PF16561 - Glycogen recognition site of AMP-activated protein kinase
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O43741
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_chrebpPathway - ChREBP regulation by carbohydrates and cAMP h_leptinPathway - Reversal of Insulin Resistance by Leptin
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein O43741 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
