Human Gene RRAS2 (ENST00000256196.9) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens RAS related 2 (RRAS2), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_012250)
RefSeq Summary (NM_012250): This gene encodes a member of the R-Ras subfamily of Ras-like small GTPases. The encoded protein associates with the plasma membrane and may function as a signal transducer. This protein may play an important role in activating signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene are associated with the growth of certain tumors. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 1 and 2. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010].
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000256196.9
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000133818.14
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr11:14,277,922-14,359,183 Size: 81,262 Total Exon Count: 6 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr11:14,279,337-14,358,870 Size: 79,534 Coding Exon Count: 6 

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RNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesGeneReviewsMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr11:14,277,922-14,359,183)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (204 aa)
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HGNCHPRDLynxMalacardsMGIneXtProt
OMIMPubMedUniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: RRAS2_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Ras-related protein R-Ras2; AltName: Full=Ras-like protein TC21; AltName: Full=Teratocarcinoma oncogene; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: It is a plasma membrane-associated GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity. Might transduce growth inhibitory signals across the cell membrane, exerting its effect through an effector shared with the Ras proteins but in an antagonistic fashion.
INTERACTION: P10398:ARAF; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-491037, EBI-365961;
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side (By similarity). Note=Inner surface of plasma membrane possibly with attachment requiring acylation of the C-terminal cysteine (By similarity with RAS).
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitously present in all tissues examined, with the highest levels in heart, placenta, and skeletal muscle. Moderate levels in lung and liver; low levels in brain, kidney, and pancreas.
PTM: May be post-translationally modified by both palmitoylation and polyisoprenylation.
DISEASE: Defects in RRAS2 are a cause of susceptibility to ovarian cancer (OC) [MIM:167000]. The term ovarian cancer defines common malignancies originating from ovarian tissue. Although many histologic types of ovarian tumors have been described, epithelial ovarian carcinoma is the most common form. Ovarian cancers are often asymptomatic and the recognized signs and symptoms, even of late-stage disease, are vague. Consequently, most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAA36545.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=4, 8, 12; Sequence=AAM12638.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=4, 8, 12;

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: RRAS2
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: ovarian cancer, somatic* (112), teratocarcinoma (4), breast cancer (2)
* = Manually curated disease association

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 20.32 RPKM in Cells - Cultured fibroblasts
Total median expression: 292.47 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -171.80313-0.549 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -319.201415-0.226 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR005225 - Small_GTP-bd_dom
IPR001806 - Small_GTPase
IPR020849 - Small_GTPase_Ras

Pfam Domains:
PF00071 - Ras family

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
2ERY - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P62070
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-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
Genome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologGenome BrowserGenome BrowserGenome Browser
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Protein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein Sequence
AlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignment

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0000166 nucleotide binding
GO:0003924 GTPase activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0005525 GTP binding

Biological Process:
GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007265 Ras protein signal transduction
GO:0009987 cellular process
GO:0030335 positive regulation of cell migration
GO:1901214 regulation of neuron death

Cellular Component:
GO:0005622 intracellular
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0005925 focal adhesion
GO:0016020 membrane
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AK299606 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ61162 complete cds, highly similar to Ras-related protein R-Ras2.
AK300103 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ51083 complete cds, highly similar to Ras-related protein R-Ras2.
BC013106 - Homo sapiens related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:21928 IMAGE:4389214), complete cds.
AK302033 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ52173 complete cds, highly similar to Ras-related protein R-Ras2.
AK309683 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ99724.
AK309550 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ99591.
AF493924 - Homo sapiens Ras family small GTP binding protein TC21 (TC21) mRNA, complete cds.
M31468 - Human ras-like protein mRNA, complete cds, clone TC21.
AK313976 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ94625, Homo sapiens related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2 (RRAS2),mRNA.
CU680498 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100020240 5' read RRAS2 mRNA.
AB528685 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB6905, Homo sapiens RRAS2 gene for related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
JD286210 - Sequence 267234 from Patent EP1572962.
JD045189 - Sequence 26213 from Patent EP1572962.
JD172571 - Sequence 153595 from Patent EP1572962.
JD336160 - Sequence 317184 from Patent EP1572962.
JD310230 - Sequence 291254 from Patent EP1572962.
JD038525 - Sequence 19549 from Patent EP1572962.
JD236335 - Sequence 217359 from Patent EP1572962.
JD391812 - Sequence 372836 from Patent EP1572962.
JD239829 - Sequence 220853 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa04010 - MAPK signaling pathway
hsa04530 - Tight junction
hsa04810 - Regulation of actin cytoskeleton

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B2R9Z3, B7Z6C4, B7Z7H6, ENST00000256196.1, ENST00000256196.2, ENST00000256196.3, ENST00000256196.4, ENST00000256196.5, ENST00000256196.6, ENST00000256196.7, ENST00000256196.8, NM_012250, P17082, P62070, RRAS2_HUMAN, TC21, uc001mlf.1, uc001mlf.2, uc001mlf.3, uc001mlf.4, uc001mlf.5, uc001mlf.6
UCSC ID: ENST00000256196.9
RefSeq Accession: NM_012250
Protein: P62070 (aka RRAS2_HUMAN or RRA2_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS7814.1

-  GeneReviews for This Gene
  GeneReviews article(s) related to gene RRAS2:
noonan (Noonan Syndrome)

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.