Human Gene PYGB (ENST00000216962.9) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens glycogen phosphorylase B (PYGB), mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_002862) RefSeq Summary (NM_002862): The protein encoded by this gene is a glycogen phosphorylase found predominantly in the brain. The encoded protein forms homodimers which can associate into homotetramers, the enzymatically active form of glycogen phosphorylase. The activity of this enzyme is positively regulated by AMP and negatively regulated by ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-phosphate. This enzyme catalyzes the rate-determining step in glycogen degradation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000216962.9 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000100994.12 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr20:25,248,085-25,298,012 Size: 49,928 Total Exon Count: 20 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr20:25,248,179-25,296,522 Size: 48,344 Coding Exon Count: 20
ID:PYGB_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form; EC=2.4.1.1; FUNCTION: Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n) + phosphate = (1,4- alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate. COFACTOR: Pyridoxal phosphate. ENZYME REGULATION: Activity of phosphorylase is controlled both by allosteric means (through the non-covalent binding of metabolites) and by covalent modification. Thus AMP allosterically activates, whereas ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-phosphate allosterically inhibit, phosphorylase B. SUBUNIT: Homodimer. Dimers associate into a tetramer to form the enzymatically active phosphorylase A. PTM: Phosphorylation of Ser-15 converts phosphorylase B (unphosphorylated) to phosphorylase A. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P11216
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process GO:0005977 glycogen metabolic process GO:0005980 glycogen catabolic process GO:0008152 metabolic process GO:0043312 neutrophil degranulation