Human Gene PROK1 (ENST00000271331.4) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens prokineticin 1 (PROK1), mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_032414)
RefSeq Summary (NM_032414): The protein encoded by this gene induces proliferation, migration, and fenestration (the formation of membrane discontinuities) in capillary endothelial cells derived from endocrine glands. It has little or no effect on a variety of other endothelial and non-endothelial cell types. Its expression is restricted to the steroidogenic glands (ovary, testis, adrenal, and placenta), is induced by hypoxia, and often complementary to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), suggesting that these molecules function in a coordinated manner. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011].
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000271331.4
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000143125.6
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr1:110,451,149-110,457,358 Size: 6,210 Total Exon Count: 3 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr1:110,451,217-110,456,351 Size: 5,135 Coding Exon Count: 3 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
RNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr1:110,451,149-110,457,358)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (105 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAGene interactionsTable SchemaAlphaFold
BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGencodeGeneCards
HGNCHPRDLynxMalacardsMGIneXtProt
OMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKBBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: PROK1_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Prokineticin-1; AltName: Full=Endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor; Short=EG-VEGF; AltName: Full=Mambakine; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Potently contracts gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle. Induces proliferation, migration and fenestration (the formation of membrane discontinuities) in capillary endothelial cells derived from endocrine glands. Has little or no effect on a variety of other endothelial and non-endothelial cell types. Induces proliferation and differentiation, but not migration, of enteric neural crest cells. Directly influences neuroblastoma progression by promoting the proliferation and migration of neuroblastoma cells. Positively regulates PTGS2 expression and prostaglandin synthesis. May play a role in placentation. May play a role in normal and pathological testis angiogenesis.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Localizes to glandular epithelium, stroma and vascular epithelial cells of first trimester decidua (at protein level). Up-regulated in first trimester decidua when compared with non-pregnant endometrium. Expressed in the steroidogenic glands, ovary, testis, adrenal and placenta.
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: In adult testis, is strongly expressed only in Leydig cells. In testicular tumors, expressed specifically in Leydig cell tumors (at protein level). Expressed from 14 weeks until birth in fetal testis.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AVIT (prokineticin) family.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

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Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: PROK1
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: neuroblastoma (2)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 161.01 RPKM in Ovary
Total median expression: 254.90 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -17.7068-0.260 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -362.901007-0.360 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR009523 - Prokineticin
IPR023569 - Prokineticin_domain

Pfam Domains:
PF06607 - Prokineticin

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P58294
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
Genome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
MGIRGDEnsembl   
Protein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein Sequence   
AlignmentAlignmentAlignment   

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0001664 G-protein coupled receptor binding
GO:0008083 growth factor activity

Biological Process:
GO:0000187 activation of MAPK activity
GO:0001525 angiogenesis
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007623 circadian rhythm
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity
GO:0045765 regulation of angiogenesis
GO:0051781 positive regulation of cell division

Cellular Component:
GO:0005576 extracellular region


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AY358683 - Homo sapiens clone DNA60621 EG-VEGF (UNQ600) mRNA, complete cds.
AF333024 - Homo sapiens prokineticin 1 precursor (PROK1) mRNA, complete cds.
AY029225 - Homo sapiens black mamba toxin-related protein mRNA, complete cds.
BC025399 - Homo sapiens prokineticin 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:27084 IMAGE:4826496), complete cds.
DQ894763 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100009223; FLH178228.01L; RZPDo839A10127D prokineticin 1 (PROK1) gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ891570 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100004200; FLH178232.01X; RZPDo839A10128D prokineticin 1 (PROK1) gene, encodes complete protein.
JD098333 - Sequence 79357 from Patent EP1572962.
JD071003 - Sequence 52027 from Patent EP1572962.
JD240323 - Sequence 221347 from Patent EP1572962.
JD122519 - Sequence 103543 from Patent EP1572962.
JD052914 - Sequence 33938 from Patent EP1572962.
JD207424 - Sequence 188448 from Patent EP1572962.
JD182981 - Sequence 164005 from Patent EP1572962.
JD431253 - Sequence 412277 from Patent EP1572962.
JD480772 - Sequence 461796 from Patent EP1572962.
JD427613 - Sequence 408637 from Patent EP1572962.
JD194585 - Sequence 175609 from Patent EP1572962.
JD279626 - Sequence 260650 from Patent EP1572962.
JD163767 - Sequence 144791 from Patent EP1572962.
JD344291 - Sequence 325315 from Patent EP1572962.
JD078914 - Sequence 59938 from Patent EP1572962.
JD210949 - Sequence 191973 from Patent EP1572962.
JD132658 - Sequence 113682 from Patent EP1572962.
JD559195 - Sequence 540219 from Patent EP1572962.
JD247210 - Sequence 228234 from Patent EP1572962.
JD498899 - Sequence 479923 from Patent EP1572962.
JD163518 - Sequence 144542 from Patent EP1572962.
JD186129 - Sequence 167153 from Patent EP1572962.
JD248760 - Sequence 229784 from Patent EP1572962.
JD104524 - Sequence 85548 from Patent EP1572962.
JD174336 - Sequence 155360 from Patent EP1572962.
JD173148 - Sequence 154172 from Patent EP1572962.
JD166765 - Sequence 147789 from Patent EP1572962.
JD382876 - Sequence 363900 from Patent EP1572962.
JD218924 - Sequence 199948 from Patent EP1572962.
JD223052 - Sequence 204076 from Patent EP1572962.
JD108428 - Sequence 89452 from Patent EP1572962.
JD483399 - Sequence 464423 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P58294 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-444691 Prokineticin receptors bind prokineticin
R-HSA-749452 The Ligand:GPCR:Gq complex dissociates
R-HSA-749448 Liganded Gq-activating GPCRs bind inactive heterotrimeric Gq
R-HSA-379048 Liganded Gq/11-activating GPCRs act as GEFs for Gq/11
R-HSA-375276 Peptide ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-416476 G alpha (q) signalling events
R-HSA-373076 Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792 GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ENST00000271331.1, ENST00000271331.2, ENST00000271331.3, NM_032414, P58294, PROK1_HUMAN, Q5VWD4, Q8TC69, uc001dzs.1, uc001dzs.2, uc001dzs.3, uc001dzs.4, uc001dzs.5, UNQ600/PRO1186
UCSC ID: ENST00000271331.4
RefSeq Accession: NM_032414
Protein: P58294 (aka PROK1_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS825.1

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.