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GRAP2 — PTGS2

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Paris et al., Neurobiol Aging 2000 (Inflammation) : Accordingly, p38 MAPK activity is higher in the brains of transgenic mice that overproduce A beta, and COX-2 immunoreactivity is increased in the cerebrovasculature of these transgenic animals
Saha et al., Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 1999 : Also, PD98059, a specific inhibitor of MEK/ERK pathway, and SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK activity, significantly inhibited the induction of COX-2 in response to combined EGF and TGF-beta1
Guo et al., J Biol Chem 2001 (Cell Transformation, Neoplastic...) : Bombesin stimulation of COX-2 expression requires an increase in [ Ca ( 2+ ) ] ( i ), activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase ( ERK ) -1 and -2 and p38 ( MAPK ), and increased activation and expression of the transcription factors Elk-1, ATF-2, c-Fos, and c-Jun
Takanami-Ohnishi et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001 : In human primary cultured decidual cells, a p38 inhibitor, SB202190, significantly inhibited both prostaglandin F ( 2alpha ) production and COX-2 expression induced by stimulation with IL-1beta
Mifflin et al., Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2002 (Colitis) : Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), extracellular signal regulated protein kinase ( ERK ), p38 , and protein kinase C ( PKC ) signaling pathways was each necessary for optimal COX-2 induction
Naruse et al., J Bone Miner Res 2003 : On the other hand, inhibitors of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) and upstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) blocked COX-2 and osteocalcin upregulation by the ultrasound exposed ST2, murine bone marrow derived cells
Luo et al., Cell Signal 2003 : Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by lipopolysaccharide in canine tracheal smooth muscle cells : involvement of p42/p44 and p38 mitogen activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways
Norgauer et al., Int J Mol Med 2003 : Moreover, we found that lps induces p38 stress activated protein kinase ( p38 ) in these cells and inhibitors of p38 blocked lps induced COX-2 expression and activity
Kim et al., J Invest Dermatol 2003 : However, P38 was not involved in the NAPS mediated COX-2 expression but in the TAPS mediated
Fumimori et al., J Rheumatol 2004 (Arthritis, Rheumatoid) : EM suppressed the IL-1beta induced COX-2 protein expression in a dose dependent manner and inhibited IL-1beta induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation, which was correlated with COX-2 expression in synovial cells
Kim et al., J Invest Dermatol 2004 (MAP Kinase Signaling System) : However, DN-p38 did not block the IGF-II induced COX-2 promoter activity
Chang et al., Cell Signal 2005 : PMA induced COX-2 expression was attenuated by PKC inhibitors ( Go 6976 and Ro 31-8220 ), a Ras inhibitor ( manumycin A ), a Raf-1 inhibitor ( GW 5074 ), a MEK inhibitor ( PD 098059 ), and an NF-kappaB inhibitor ( PDTC ), but not by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( genistein ) or a p38 MAPK inhibitor ( SB 203580 )
Wu et al., Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005 : p38 and EGF receptor kinase mediated activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway is required for Zn2+ induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression
Shafer et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 2005 : Clostridium difficile toxin B inhibition of small GTPases did not affect anisomycin induced COX-2 mRNA expression or phosphorylation of p38MAPK and CREB but did inhibit sorbitol dependent COX-2 expression and phosphorylation of p38MAPK and CREB
Grishin et al., J Immunol 2006 (Disease Models, Animal...) : Blockade of LPS induced expression of COX-2-luciferase reporter and destabilization of COX-2 message by SB202190 indicate that p38 regulates COX-2 at transcription and mRNA stability levels
Nonn et al., Carcinogenesis 2007 : We utilized the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin (IL)-1beta to increase p38 dependent nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkappaB) activation and expression of pro-inflammatory genes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) , IL-6 and IL-8 in normal prostatic epithelial cells
Zarrouki et al., FEBS Lett 2007 : The lipid peroxidation end-product 4-HNE induces COX-2 expression through p38MAPK activation in 3T3-L1 adipose cell
Hisatsune et al., Infect Immun 2007 (MAP Kinase Signaling System) : A p38 mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) inhibitor, SB203580, blocked elevation of COX-2 mRNA levels, whereas PD98059, which blocks the Erk1/2 cascade, partially suppressed the increase
Wu et al., Mol Med 2007 (Neoplasm Recurrence, Local...) : Surprisingly, Rac1 mediated phosphorylation of p38 mitogen activated kinase in papilloma cells but not normal cells, and inhibition of p38 with the specific inhibitor SB202190 suppressed COX-2 expression in papilloma cells but had no effect on low-level COX-2 expression in normal cells
Kim et al., Chem Biol Interact 2008 : PD98059 ( ERK inhibitor ) and SB203580 ( p38 MAPK inhibitor ) down-regulated the COX-2 expression induced by TPA
Trujillo-Murillo et al., Hepatology 2008 (Carcinoma, Hepatocellular...) : We also observed that the ASA dependent inhibition of viral replication was due in part to inhibition of COX-2 and activation of p38 and mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase kinase 1/2 ( MEK1/2 ) mitogen activated protein kinases ( MAPKs )
Binion et al., Gut 2008 (Gastrointestinal Neoplasms...) : Similarly COX-2 expression in HIMECs was significantly inhibited by Jun N-terminal kinase ( JNK ; SP600125 ) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ; SB203580 ) inhibitors and was reduced by p44/42 MAPK inhibitor ( PD098059 )
Shin et al., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008 (Adenocarcinoma...) : Moreover, in contrast to the dependence of growth promoting effect of nicotine on Erk activation, inhibitor of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) repressed NNK induced COX-2 upregulation and resulted in suppression of cell growth
Carli et al., Endocrinology 2009 (Endometriosis) : Whereas p38 inhibitors negatively affected the stimulated synthesis of COX-2 and that of PGE ( 2 ), ERK inhibitors only decreased the production of PGE ( 2 )
Chen et al., J Biol Chem 2009 : PGN induced COX-2 expression was inhibited by a p38 MAPK inhibitor ( SB 203580 ) and dominant negative mutants of MAPK kinase ( MKK ) 3, MKK6, and p38 MAPKalpha
Hong et al., J Dermatol Sci 2009 : GS-HCl differentially down-regulates COX-2 and MMP-13 expression in the IL-1beta- or PMA treated human skin fibroblasts via the p38 MAPK independent COX-2 translational inhibition and the p38 MAPK dependent MMP-13 transcriptional suppression, respectively
Zhang et al., Br J Pharmacol 2009 : These findings suggest that Ucn1 exerts pro-inflammatory effects by augmenting LPS induced expression of COX-2 and ICAM-1 in RAECs via CRF ( 2 ) receptors and the activation of p38MAPK and NF-kappaB
Fernau et al., J Biol Chem 2010 : Role of HuR and p38MAPK in ultraviolet B-induced post-transcriptional regulation of COX-2 expression in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT
Fitzsimmons et al., Neuroreport 2010 (Disease Models, Animal...) : We investigated whether either the spinal isoform p38alpha or p38beta is involved in peripheral inflammation evoked pain state and increased expression of spinal COX-2
Black et al., Biochem Pharmacol 2011 : Inhibition of p38 blocked UVB induced expression of TNFa, COX-2 , PGDS and 15-LOX-2, while JNK inhibition suppressed TNFa and HO-1
Doyle et al., FASEB J 2011 (Hyperalgesia) : Our results further revealed that COX-2 induction is regulated by NF-?B and p38 kinase activation, since intraplantar injection of SC-514 ( 0.1-1 µg ) or SB 203580 ( 1-10 µg ), well characterized inhibitors of NF-?B and p38 kinase activation, respectively, blocked COX-2 induction and increased formation of PGE ( 2 ) and thermal hyperalgesia in a dose dependent manner
Hirota et al., Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012 : Although PAR(2) activation increased ERK MAPK phosphorylation, neither ERK pathway inhibitors nor a p38 MAPK inhibitor affected 2fLI induced COX-2 expression
Ghezali et al., Exp Cell Res 2013 (Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute) : Furthermore, we demonstrated that the p38/COX-2 pathway was involved in resistance to cyclopamine induced apoptosis since p38 inhibition reduced COX-2 overexpression and increased apoptosis in both cell lines
Huang et al., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013 (Inflammation) : We also found that LTA induced iNOS and COX-2 up-regulation were attenuated by p38 , JNK, and PI3-kinase inhibitors
Wang et al., Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2013 : Expression of COX-2 is significantly reduced when p38MAPK is inhibited by intrathecal SB203580, and p38MAPK stimulation is essential for COX-2 expression
Hwang et al., Biochem Pharmacol 1997 : The findings demonstrated that inhibition of extracellular signal regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 ( ERK-1 and -2 ) by the selective inhibitor PD98059 or inhibition of P38 by the specific inhibitor SB203580 results in partial suppression of COX-2 expression ... Inhibition of ERK-1 and 2 or P38 results in partial suppression of COX-2 expression