Romieu-Mourez et al., J Immunol 2009
(Inflammation) :
We observed that human MSC and macrophages expressed TLR3 and TLR4 at comparable levels and TLR mediated activation of MSC resulted in the production of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, and CCL5 ... Hence, TLR activated MSC are capable of recruiting immune inflammatory cells
Raicevic et al., Tissue Eng Part A 2012
:
TLR3 or TLR4 triggering increased the osteogenesis in AT- and, to lesser extent, in BM-MSC